Shapefiles không có loại MultiPolygon (type = Polygon), nhưng dù sao chúng cũng hỗ trợ chúng (tất cả các vòng được lưu trữ trong một tính năng = danh sách đa giác, hãy xem Chuyển đổi đa giác khổng lồ thành đa giác )
Vấn đề
Nếu tôi mở một shapefile MultiPolygon, hình học là 'Đa giác'
multipolys = fiona.open("multipol.shp")
multipolys.schema
{'geometry': 'Polygon', 'properties': OrderedDict([(u'id', 'int:10')])}
len(multipolys)
1
Giải pháp 1 với Fiona
import fiona
from shapely.geometry import shape,mapping, Point, Polygon, MultiPolygon
multipol = fiona.open("multipol.shp")
multi= multipol.next() # only one feature in the shapefile
print multi
{'geometry': {'type': 'MultiPolygon', 'coordinates': [[[(-0.5275288092189501, 0.5569782330345711), (-0.11779769526248396, 0.29065300896286816), (-0.25608194622279135, 0.01920614596670933), (-0.709346991037132, -0.08834827144686286), (-0.8629961587708066, 0.18309859154929575), (-0.734955185659411, 0.39820742637644047), (-0.5275288092189501, 0.5569782330345711)]], [[(0.19974391805377723, 0.060179257362355965), (0.5480153649167734, 0.1293213828425096), (0.729833546734955, 0.03969270166453265), (0.8143405889884763, -0.13956466069142115), (0.701664532650448, -0.38540332906530095), (0.4763124199743918, -0.5006402048655569), (0.26888604353393086, -0.4238156209987196), (0.18950064020486557, -0.2291933418693981), (0.19974391805377723, 0.060179257362355965)]], [[(-0.3764404609475033, -0.295774647887324), (-0.11523687580025621, -0.3597951344430217), (-0.033290653008962945, -0.5800256081946222), (-0.11523687580025621, -0.7413572343149808), (-0.3072983354673495, -0.8591549295774648), (-0.58898847631242, -0.6927016645326505), (-0.6555697823303457, -0.4750320102432779), (-0.3764404609475033, -0.295774647887324)]]]}, 'type': 'Feature', 'id': '0', 'properties': OrderedDict([(u'id', 1)])}
Fiona diễn giải tính năng này dưới dạng MultiPolygon và bạn có thể áp dụng giải pháp được trình bày trong Tham gia không gian hiệu quả hơn trong Python mà không cần QGIS, ArcGIS, PostGIS, v.v. (1)
points= ([pt for pt in fiona.open("points.shp")])
for i, pt in enumerate(points):
point = shape(pt['geometry'])
if point.within(shape(multi['geometry'])):
print i, shape(points[i]['geometry'])
1 POINT (-0.58898847631242 0.17797695262484)
3 POINT (0.4993597951344431 -0.06017925736235585)
5 POINT (-0.3764404609475033 -0.4750320102432779)
6 POINT (-0.3098591549295775 -0.6312419974391805)
Đây là phần bổ sung cho câu trả lời của xulnik.
import shapefile
pts = shapefile.Reader("points.shp")
polys = shapefile.Reader("multipol.shp")
points = [pt.shape.__geo_interface__ for pt in pts.shapeRecords()]
multi = shape(polys.shapeRecords()[0].shape.__geo_interface__) # 1 polygon
print multi
MULTIPOLYGON (((-0.5275288092189501 0.5569782330345711, -0.117797695262484 0.2906530089628682, -0.2560819462227913 0.01920614596670933, -0.7093469910371319 -0.08834827144686286, -0.8629961587708066 0.1830985915492958, -0.734955185659411 0.3982074263764405, -0.5275288092189501 0.5569782330345711)), ((0.1997439180537772 0.06017925736235596, 0.5480153649167734 0.1293213828425096, 0.729833546734955 0.03969270166453265, 0.8143405889884763 -0.1395646606914211, 0.701664532650448 -0.3854033290653009, 0.4763124199743918 -0.5006402048655569, 0.2688860435339309 -0.4238156209987196, 0.1895006402048656 -0.2291933418693981, 0.1997439180537772 0.06017925736235596)), ((-0.3764404609475033 -0.295774647887324, -0.1152368758002562 -0.3597951344430217, -0.03329065300896294 -0.5800256081946222, -0.1152368758002562 -0.7413572343149808, -0.3072983354673495 -0.8591549295774648, -0.58898847631242 -0.6927016645326505, -0.6555697823303457 -0.4750320102432779, -0.3764404609475033 -0.295774647887324)))
for i, pt in enumerate(points):
point = shape(pt)
if point.within(multi):
print i, shape(points[i])
1 POINT (-0.58898847631242 0.17797695262484)
3 POINT (0.4993597951344431 -0.06017925736235585)
5 POINT (-0.3764404609475033 -0.4750320102432779)
6 POINT (-0.3098591549295775 -0.6312419974391805)
from osgeo import ogr
import json
def records(file):
# generator
reader = ogr.Open(file)
layer = reader.GetLayer(0)
for i in range(layer.GetFeatureCount()):
feature = layer.GetFeature(i)
yield json.loads(feature.ExportToJson())
points = [pt for pt in records("point_multi_contains.shp")]
multipol = records("multipol.shp")
multi = multipol.next() # 1 feature
for i, pt in enumerate(points):
point = shape(pt['geometry'])
if point.within(shape(multi['geometry'])):
print i, shape(points[i]['geometry'])
1 POINT (-0.58898847631242 0.17797695262484)
3 POINT (0.499359795134443 -0.060179257362356)
5 POINT (-0.376440460947503 -0.475032010243278)
6 POINT (-0.309859154929577 -0.631241997439181)
import geopandas
point = geopandas.GeoDataFrame.from_file('points.shp')
poly = geopandas.GeoDataFrame.from_file('multipol.shp')
from geopandas.tools import sjoin
pointInPolys = sjoin(point, poly, how='left')
grouped = pointInPolys.groupby('index_right')
list(grouped)
[(0.0, geometry id_left index_right id_right
1 POINT (-0.58898847631242 0.17797695262484) None 0.0 1.0
3 POINT (0.4993597951344431 -0.06017925736235585) None 0.0 1.0
5 POINT (-0.3764404609475033 -0.4750320102432779) None 0.0 1.0
6 POINT (-0.3098591549295775 -0.6312419974391805) None 0.0 1.0 ]
print grouped.groups
{0.0: [1, 3, 5, 6]}
Các điểm 1,3,5,6 nằm trong ranh giới của MultiPolygon